Glutathione Information
Why is glutathione important?
Do healthy people need glutathione?
Which illnesses may be affected by raising
glutathione?
Why can’t glutathione be taken in pill form?
Related Articles
Why is glutathione important?
Glutathione is an essential component of your cells, with low glutathione
levels, cells cannot perform many of their functions properly. Although
glutathione functions in dozens of roles in our metabolism, the major functions
can be summarized in four areas:
- It is the major antioxidant produced by the body.
Antioxidants such as vitamins C or E cannot be made by your body and in fact
could not work properly if glutathione were not present.
- Our immune systems depend on a steady supply of
glutathione. Without it, our immune defenses become weakened.
- It is important in detoxifying many substances including
heavy metals, breakdown products of cigarettes and automobile exhaust, many
cancer-causing agents, and a multitude of pollutants and toxins we encounter
on a daily basis.
- The major source of energy produced in our cells is
derived from tiny structures called mitochondria. These mitochondria would
literally burn up without the presence of glutathione.
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Do healthy people need
glutathione?
Optimal glutathione levels are important for everyone. Although you are
hopefully in good health right now, glutathione levels fall as we age, and are
lowered by a great number of very common illnesses. There is a constant demand
for glutathione in our daily life; stress, pollution and infectious disease are
all causes of glutathione depletion. For those that exercise regularly,
glutathione is especially important to replenish to avoid injury, improve
recovery time and keep your immune system strong.
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Which illnesses may be
affected by raising glutathione?
Many disease states are characterized by low glutathione levels. Immunocal
has been developed as a strategy to help sustain glutathione levels. Glutathione
deficiency states include, but are not limited to: AIDS and cancer muscle
wasting, chemical and infectious hepatitis, radiation poisoning, malnutrition
states, strong physical stress, and acetaminophen toxicity. Many other problems
including cardiovascular, lung, digestive and kidney disorders are associated
with glutathione deficiency and are cited in numerous medical references.
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Why can’t glutathione be taken in pill form?
Glutathione is produced by the body in the cell when the necessary precursors are provided. Immunocal delivers cysteine to the cell so that it can produce glutathione. Pills pass through the digestive system and little, if any, glutathione is absorbed.
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Living Healthier Through Natural Technologies
Glutathione – Why all the Noise?
Glutathione supplementation – manipulation of
natural defense mechanisms in health and disease
The Science of Glutathione
Glutathione – The Undiscovered “Natural Drug”
Immunocal – Where’s the Beef?
The biological activity of undenatured dietary whey proteins: role of glutathione
The influence of dietary whey protein on tissue: glutathione and the disease of aging
Immunoenhancing property of dietary whey protein in mice: role of glutathione
Whey protein concentrate (WPC) and glutathione modulation in cancer treatment
Nutriceutical modulation of Glutathione with a humanized native milk serum protein isolate, Immunocal: application in AIDS and cancer
Raising Glutathione Using Cysteine
The Role of Glutathione in Cell Defense, with References to Clinical Deficiencies and Treatment
Analgesics and Glutathione
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Living healthier Through
Natural Technologies
The last few decades have witnessed a major shift from the reliance on drugs
to a demand for natural alternatives. What has spurred this change is an
increasingly overburdened, expensive and often inaccessible medical system that
has been so busy taking care of the sick, that wellness has been left to
non-conventional medicine. More and more of us are now moving from a reactive to
a proactive approach to maintaining health and well-being, and this includes
lifestyle changes, exercise, nutrition and natural supplements.
Until recently, many medical professionals have been somewhat wary of
natural supplements, worried about quality, consistency and efficacy of what was
being sold to the public. In the world of science, it is research that
represents the gold standard, and without the funding available to drug
manufacturers, natural products have historically fallen short of the rigor
involved in investigating a new medication.
Until recently...
Both in the United States and in Canada, federal agencies (the NIH1
initiative and Health Canada’s NHPD2) have taken strides to promote
the use of natural products, but only if they meet the standards of validation
through appropriate research.
Immunotec has taken full advantage of this opportunity, and with some ease.
Immunocal, its flagship product, has been studied extensively with numerous
medical and scientific articles written in peer-reviewed journals. Research on
this natural substance already existed for over three decades.
Currently, people are looking for clinically proven, natural products that
will help to improve health and help them feel younger and more energetic. You
have the opportunity to gain tremendous benefits from the leader in the field of
natural immune-enhancing products, Immunotec and its principal product,
Immunocal.
1. NIH – National Institutes of Health
2. NHPD – Natural Health Products Directorate
Improve Your Immune System and Optimize Your Quality
of Life
Immunocal is a natural protein that addresses several critical factors
affecting your quality of life. Immunocal can:
- Increase your ability to fight off free radicals through optimizing you
antioxidation ability
- Strengthen your immune defenses
- Help properly deal with pollutants and toxins in your body
- Enhance your energy and sense of well-being
It is easy to explain how Immunocal does this.
What is Immunocal
Immunocal is a patented supplement that in nature is most similar to mother’s
milk. It is over 90% pure protein and has a biological value higher than any
other protein supplement or food available. The term “biological value” (BV)
refers to a measurement of how important any edible protein is to your body.
Taken daily, Immunocal will raise your body’s concentration of glutathione
(abbreviated as GSH), a molecule referred to as “Your Body’s Most Important
Protector”. Most individuals have never heard of glutathione, however given the
huge amount of research publications on the subject and the large impact it will
have in future health care, the term glutathione will shortly become part of our
everyday language, the same way as we use the words “antioxidant” or
“cholesterol”. To date, there have been over 80,000 published articles on
glutathione in the medical literature.
What is Glutathione?
Glutathione (GSH) is the body’s own health ‘AID to Energy’– Antioxidant,
Immune Booster, Detoxifier and Energy enhancer. This small protein, produced
naturally in the body, supports these four crucial functions. In fact, your life
depends upon glutathione. Without it, your cells would disintegrate from
unrestrained oxidation, your body would have little resistance to bacteria,
viruses and cancer, and your liver would cease functioning from the accumulation
of toxins.
The Roles of Glutathione
Medical science has described literally dozens of roles
that glutathione plays in your body. However, the four
most important
roles of glutathione can be summarized by the
acronym:
A I D = E2
These letters stand for:
- Antioxidant
- Immune support
- Detoxifier
- Energy
Let’s look at these four critical processes
driven by glutathione:
A
– Glutathione – “Your Master Antioxidant”
Over the past thirty years, advances in the study of
antioxidants have grown to the point that a whole new
branch of medicine has developed called “Free Radical
Biology” which focuses on oxidant/antioxidant balance.
These scientists have elaborated upon several hundred
different disease processes where antioxidants play a
vital role. The shelves of natural food stores and
pharmacies are resplendent with a large array of
different antioxidants offered. However, although these
antioxidants including vitamin C and vitamin E are
usually “natural”, they are not natural to your body. If
you do not ingest these vitamins, they will not be found
in your cells naturally. Given the importance of
antioxidation in hundreds of different disease
processes, one poses the question – “What antioxidant
does the body manufacture to ward off these processes?”
Glutathione is the most abundantly produced antioxidant
in the body. In fact, the presence of this small protein
is crucial for the functioning of all of the other
antioxidants we know of, gaining the title of “Master
Antioxidant”.
I –
Glutathione – “Food for the Immune
System”
Your immune system is constantly on the prowl for
pathogens and foreign antigens—agents of cellular damage, toxicity
and disease. These antigens include viruses, bacteria, parasites,
fungi and even pre-cancerous cells. To neutralize these pathogens
the body needs a ready supply of glutathione. If it doesn’t have
enough, some of the invaders will get through, infecting the body
and/or contributing to aging, long-term accumulative damage—even
eventual cancer. We can’t avoid illness and aging
altogether—although a few scientists are pursuing some age-old
dreams—but by keeping our intracellular glutathione levels up we
also keep our immune system on full alert and fully armed.
Dr. Gustavo Bounous, discoverer of Immunocal, has focused on
glutathione as support for the immune system. “ The limiting factor
for the proper activity and multiplication of our lymphocytes (white
blood cells) is the availability of glutathione”. Dr. Bounous’
research at McGill University has spawned countless other research
papers worldwide examining this phenomenon.
D –
Glutathione – “Detoxification
System”
Hundreds of toxins are eliminated by the GSH enzyme
system, including drug breakdown products, pollutants,
carcinogens and radiation damage. It’s no surprise that GSH
concentrations are highest in the liver, the body’s major
detoxifying organ. We inhale and ingest natural and synthetic
toxins every day of our lives and can’t possibly avoid them,
especially in our technological times, our congested and
polluted cities and with our bio-engineered food supplies.
Experimental studies have shown that low glutathione levels lead
to poor liver and kidney function, and result in unnecessarily
large quantities of toxins circulating through the body. There,
they continuously damage individual cells and organs. The list
of toxins eliminated include cigarette smoke, automobile exhaust
and heavy metals. Physicians regularly use drugs to elevate
glutathione levels in critical illnesses like acetaminophen
overdose and severe liver failure.
E2
– Glutathione – “Energize
Yourself”
Our cells are like little machines, running 24 hours a
day. Where does the energy to fuel this constant activity come
from? The answer is quite complicated but science had identified
tiny structures within our cells called “mitochondria” which
serve as tiny batteries inside the cell. Like any source of
fuel, inevitably burning and waste products are a result. The
mitochondria literally burn up oxygen and as a result are prone
to overload and damage and are limited in their ability to
continue working unless these breakdown products like
oxyradicals are removed. The major substance produced by the
cell to keep these mitochondria “cool” and efficient is
glutathione. This translates into more energy and more strength.
Raising glutathione has become a focus for many studies from
sports medicine to anti-aging for this reason.
What Causes Us to LOSE Glutathione (GSH)
Every day our bodies are exposed to factors that drain our
levels of glutathione: stress, pollution, radiation, infection,
drugs, poor diet, aging, injury and fatigue. These all
contribute to glutathione depletion which, in turn, leads to
cellular aging, disease and death. “Concern about maintaining
one’s glutathione level will eventually be on par with other
health maintenance issues.” says Dr. Bounous, discoverer of
Immunocal.
Immunocal Can Fix the Problem
Immunocal is proven and patented to raise glutathione. It is a
natural source of the glutathione building block called
cysteine, for the maintenance of a strong immune system.
There are other synthetic ways in which glutathione levels may
be raised, but the high level of side effects and short duration
of action limits their usefulness. In contrast, Immunocal is
extremely effective and has negligible side effects when used as
directed. It is a protein isolate from milk, but has an
insignificant amount of lactose (<1%); therefore, it is easily
tolerated by lactose intolerant individuals.
Recognition
Immunocal is patent-protected worldwide and has several
important high-level acknowledgments:
- Awarded an NPN (Natural Product Number) issued by Health
Canada
- Listed in the U.S. Physicians’ Desk Reference (PDR) and the
Pharmacist’s Red Book
- Part of a select group of nutritional products eligible for
reimbursement coverage under Medicare/Medicaid in the United
States
Give Your Body What it Needs to Perform
Optimally
Most of us know it’s a good idea to eat well, exercise and get
a good night’s sleep. We might also know that it’s a good idea
to take some vitamins and minerals.
But if you are seeking a way to give your body an extra edge
in a world where we are constantly bombarded with environmental
stressors, then supporting your immune system is key. And
typical vitamin and mineral supplements aren’t enough to do the
job.
Taking Immunocal on a regular basis will give you
more control over your health, vitality and wellbeing.
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Glutathione – Why all the
Noise?
One of the “Hottest” new health supplements
Glutathione (GSH) is a word that many people are still are not familiar with,
but given that there are over 80,000 medical and scientific journal articles
written on this subject to date, it is one of those terms that will eventually
work its way into our common everyday language. One of the reasons for GSH’s
increasing popularity, is that it appears to have so many useful benefits for
those that know how to raise glutathione levels in their body.
One common myth about glutathione is that you can eat glutathione and
consequently raise your body’s GSH levels. Untrue. Eating glutathione
supplements or foods rich in glutathione will not do the trick. Most of it will
end up being broken down in your digestive tract and eliminated. Since
glutathione is made within your cells, what needs to be accomplished is
delivering the building blocks (“precursors”) of GSH to the cells themselves.
The hardest glutathione precursor to find in our diet is the amino acid
“cysteine” which must be in a form that survives the trip from your mouth to
your living cells. This is not as easy as it sounds.
In nature, this usable form of cysteine can be found in eggs, but the eggs
must be raw, otherwise the proteins that carry the cysteine are changed by heat
and lose their efficiency as a “cysteine delivery vehicle”. Another good source
would be meat, but again, the meat would need to be raw to be a competent source
of cysteine. Aside from a well-prepared steak tartar, safe sources of raw meat
are not abundant. What about vegetables? You guessed it. Raw cruciferous veggies
are a decent source, but you would have to eat a whole bunch of broccoli with
all the gaseous consequences your spouse will suffer.
A bit of a problem! Since glutathione is involved in so many important
functions including fueling our immune system, detoxifying a rather lengthy list
of pollutants and carcinogens, and acting as our body’s “master” antioxidant,
how can we safely raise glutathione? The medical literature certainly is full of
articles describing its role in cancer, heart disease, infectious diseases, lung
problems and even the aging process itself. Many experts feel that raising GSH
has been grossly overlooked, and that this strategy will eventually become as
popular as taking a daily multivitamin. How best to take advantage of this
remarkable molecule?
Whey, a protein fraction of milk, is loaded with glutathione precursors. The
problem here, as was the problem in eggs and meat, is that heat destroys the
ability of these proteins to raise glutathione efficiently. The other downside
of whey, is that it may contain differing amounts of fat and lactose, which for
many individuals is a no-no. In addition, the vast majority of whey protein on
the market has been subject to multiple passes of pasteurization, which if you
remember your high school biology, is a form of heating. However, there is a way
around this problem.
The glutathione building blocks in whey are very fragile, but techniques to
extract these valuable proteins have been developed. Researchers at McGill
University had started investigating these GSH precursors as early as the
1980’s. The original research team headed by Dr. Gustavo Bounous eventually
formed a private enterprise to further develop and market these glutathione
building blocks. They adopted the trade name “Immunocal” for the eventual
formulation and Immunotec continues to enhance this product.
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Glutathione supplementation –
manipulation of natural defense mechanisms in health and disease
The human body is one of nature’s finest miracles and researchers are still
unlocking many of its secrets. Recent discoveries have shed important light on
the role that glutathione plays in maintaining health and fighting disease.
Most individuals have not heard of glutathione, however given
the accelerated course of research publications on the subject
and the large impact it will have in future health care, the
term glutathione will shortly become integrated into our
everyday language, the same way as we use the words
“antioxidant” or “cholesterol”.
Glutathione is the body’s own health ‘AID’ – Antioxidant,
Immune Booster, and Detoxifier. This small protein, produced
naturally in the body, maintains these three crucial protective
functions. In fact, your life depends upon it. Without
glutathione, your cells would disintegrate from unrestrained
oxidation, your body would have little resistance to bacteria,
viruses and cancer, and your liver would cease functioning from
the accumulation of toxins.
RESEARCH ON GLUTATHIONE
In the last twenty years the volume of research into GSH has
grown immensely. A huge variety of theoretical papers, bench-top
laboratory experiments, epidemiological studies and—most
importantly—clinical trials on humans, has linked glutathione to
an extraordinary variety of illnesses. The list is long and
would be hard to believe were it not for the strength and
credibility of the research.
Hundreds of articles have described how elevated glutathione
levels help combat the infirmities of aging, such as Parkinson’s
disease, Alzheimer’s disease, cataract formation, macular
degeneration, and cancers of aging (e.g. prostate cancer).
Glutathione depletion is linked with the major causes of
morbidity and mortality in North America, including heart
disease, stroke, diabetes and infectious disease. Many different
medical specialists are paying special attention to natural
glutathione modulation, as more traditional means have proven
less than efficient.
GLUTATHIONE - “THE MASTER ANTIOXIDANT”
Advances in the study of antioxidants have grown to the
point that a whole new branch of medicine has developed
called “Free Radical Biology” which focuses on
oxidant/antioxidant balance. These scientists have
elaborated upon several hundred different disease processes
where antioxidants play a vital role. The shelves of natural
food stores and pharmacies are resplendent with a large
array of different antioxidants offered. However, although
these antioxidants including vitamin C and vitamin E are
“natural”, they are not natural to your body. If you do not
ingest these vitamins, they will not be found in your cells
naturally. Given the importance of antioxidation in hundreds
of different disease processes, one poses the question –
“What antioxidant does the body manufacture to ward off
these processes?” Glutathione is the most abundantly
produced antioxidant in the body. In fact, the presence of
this ubiquitous small protein is crucial for the functioning
of any of the other antioxidants we know of.
GLUTATHIONE - “FUEL FOR THE IMMUNE SYSTEM”
Your immune system is constantly on the prowl for pathogens
and foreign antigens—agents of cellular damage, toxicity and
disease. These antigens include viruses, bacteria,
parasites, fungi and even pre-cancerous cells. To neutralize
these pathogens the body needs a ready supply of
glutathione. If it doesn’t have enough, some of the invaders
will get through, infecting the body and/or contributing to
aging, long-term accumulative damage—even eventual cancer.
We can’t avoid illness and aging altogether—although a few
scientists are pursuing some age-old dreams—but by keeping
our intracellular glutathione levels up we also keep our
immune system on full alert and fully armed. Dr. Gustavo Bounous,
a leading glutathione expert, concurs that glutathione is
fuel for the immune system. “ The limiting factor for the
proper activity and multiplication of our lymphocytes (white
blood cells) is the availability of glutathione”. Dr. Bounous’ research
at McGill University has culminated in the development of a
nutritional supplement called “Immunocal” which raises
glutathione levels.
GLUTATHIONE - “TOXIC WASTE DISPOSAL
SYSTEM”
Hundreds of toxins are eliminated by the GSH enzyme system,
including drug metabolites, pollutants, carcinogens and
radiation damage. It’s no surprise that GSH concentrations
are highest in the liver, the body’s major detoxifying
organ. We inhale and ingest natural and synthetic toxins
every day of our lives and can’t possibly avoid them,
especially in our technological times, our congested and
polluted cities and with our bio-engineered food supplies.
Experimental studies have shown that low glutathione levels
lead to poor liver and kidney function, and result in
unnecessarily large quantities of toxins circulating through
the body. There, they continuously damage individual cells
and organs. The list of toxins eliminated include cigarette
smoke, automobile exhaust and heavy metals. Physicians
regularly use drugs to elevate glutathione levels in
critical illnesses like acetaminophen overdose and fulminant
hepatic failure.
GLUTATHIONE DEPLETION
Every day our bodies are exposed to factors that drain our
levels of glutathione: Stress, pollution, radiation,
infection, drugs, poor diet, aging, injury and fatigue.
These all contribute to glutathione depletion which, in
turn, leads to cellular aging, disease and death. “Concern
about maintaining one’s glutathione level will eventually be
on par with other health maintenance issues. People will
soon be raising their glutathione levels the same way they
take their vitamin pills each morning,” says Dr. Bounous.
RAISING GLUTATHIONE
It is vital to clarify one particular aspect of the
glutathione story. When people find out about GSH, they want
to go to their health store, buy some and ‘take’ it.
Although it can be found as a supplement, eating glutathione
has negligible effects on your health. It is quickly broken
down in your digestive tract and eliminated. GSH must be
manufactured within your cells, which is exactly where it
appears—in every cell of your body. The only way to
accomplish this effectively is to give your body the
building blocks (precursors) it needs to manufacture
glutathione for itself.
Some pharmaceutical drugs such as NAC (N-acetyl-cysteine)
have been developed to provide these precursors but there are
also natural ways to raise glutathione levels. Vitamin C, E and
selenium indirectly support glutathione function. Milk thistle (silymarin),
alpha-lipoic acid and L‑cysteine may have moderate effects. The
most effective natural way to raise glutathione as borne out by
medical research, is by feeding the individual specific cysteine
and cystine-rich proteins as found in undenatured whey protein
isolates.
This type of natural approach to addressing health concerns
is a welcome complement to traditional medicine, which has
historically marginalized nutritional therapy. The key in
bridging this gap between western medicine and natural medicine
lies in appropriately studying supplements with solid research.
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The Science of Glutathione
by Patricia A.L. Kongshavn, Ph.D
Former Professor: Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
Glutathione is a small molecule found in almost every cell. It cannot enter
most cells directly and therefore must be made inside the cell, from its three
constituent amino acids: glycine, glutamate and cysteine. The rate at which
glutathione can be made depends on the availability of cysteine, which is
relatively scarce in foodstuffs. Furthermore, the cysteine molecule has a
sulfur-containing portion which gives the whole glutathione molecule its
‘biochemical activity’, i.e. its ability to carry out the following vitally
important functions: Firstly, glutathione is the major antioxidant produced by
the cell, protecting it from ‘free radicals’ (‘oxygen radicals’, ‘oxyradicals’).
These highly reactive substances, if left unchecked, will damage or destroy key
cell components (e.g. membranes, DNA) in microseconds. Oxyradicals are generated
in the many thousand mitochondria located inside each cell, where nutrients like
glucose are burnt using oxygen to make energy. (Mitochondria can be thought of
as the batteries that provide the power for the cells to operate). Oxyradicals
also come from pollutants, from UV radiation and other sources. In addition,
glutathione recycles other well-known antioxidants such as vitamin C and vitamin
E, keeping them in their active state. Secondly, glutathione is a very important
detoxifying agent, enabling the body to get rid of undesirable toxins and
pollutants. It forms a soluble compound with the toxin that can then be excreted
through the urine or the gut. The liver and kidneys contain high levels of
glutathione as they have the greatest exposure to toxins. The lungs are also
rich in glutathione partly for the same reason. Many cancer-producing chemicals,
heavy metals, drug metabolites etc. are disposed of in this way. Thirdly,
glutathione plays a crucial role in maintaining a normal balance between
oxidation and anti-oxidation. This, in turn, regulates many of the cell’s vital
functions, such as the synthesis and repair of DNA, the synthesis of proteins
and the activation and regulation of enzymes. Fourthly, glutathione is required
in many of the intricate steps needed to carry out an immune response. For
example, it is needed for the lymphocytes to multiply in order to develop a
strong immune response, and for ‘killer’ lymphocytes to be able to kill
undesirable cells such as cancer cells or virally infected cells. The importance
of glutathione cannot be overstated. It has multiple roles as indicated and,
indeed, as one examines each system or organ more closely, the necessity for
glutathione becomes increasingly evident. Glutathione values decline with age
and higher values in older people are seen to correlate with better health,
underscoring the importance of this remarkable substance for maintaining a
healthy, well-functioning body.
References:
Lomaestro B., Malone M. Glutathione in health and disease: Pharmacotherapeutic
Issues Ann Pharmacother 29: 1263-73,1995
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Glutathione – The
Undiscovered “Natural Drug”
by Patricia A.L. Kongshavn, Ph.D
Former Professor: Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
A recent press release by CBS highlighted the need for a "universal or
all-purpose drug" able to combat any germ or toxic chemical released by hostile
forces. In general, the idea would be to bolster the defenses we already
possess, in particular the immune system, to fight against infections and
cancer. CBS made brief mention of two substances, cysteine and glutathione, that
deserve much greater attention. Glutathione is a key substance found in every
cell in our body, and may be thought of as a "naturally occurring universal
drug" – and one without adverse side effects! It is the cell’s most important
antioxidant, neutralizing "free radicals" that would otherwise damage or destroy
the cells. The body produces free radicals during metabolism. Under any form of
stress, such as chemical toxicity or bacterial infections, the body generates
many more free radicals. If glutathione is in short supply, these free radicals
can overwhelm the cell. Exposure to radiation from sunlight or other sources
also results in increasing highly reactive free radicals that likewise our
bodies need to neutralize. Glutathione is also the main detoxifying agent in the
body. It converts damaging chemical substances (toxins) into harmless products
that the body eliminates. Such chemicals include cancer-producing substances,
heavy metals, herbicides, pesticides, smoke and other pollutants. Thus,
glutathione provides important protection against many environmental hazards.
The liver is particularly rich in glutathione for this purpose. The immune
system is our main defense against infection. Once again, glutathione plays a
vital role, enabling the immune system to function optimally, which it cannot do
when glutathione is deficient. For example, the cells of the immune system
(lymphocytes) cannot multiply as much, cannot produce as many antibodies, and
cannot kill unwanted cells like cancer cells or those infected with a virus.
Glutathione deficiency also adversely affects other systems and organs such as
the lungs, the nervous system, and the intestinal tract. It is on record that
there are many medical disorders associated with glutathione deficiency. These
include AIDS and cancer wasting, some intestinal disorders, lung diseases,
over-trained athletes syndrome and trauma. Furthermore, as we age, glutathione
levels decrease which no doubt explains, in part, an older person’s lowered
resistance to disease. Glutathione is a very small protein made inside the cells
from three amino acids obtained ultimately from our food or supplementation. One
of these amino acids, cysteine, gives the glutathione its antioxidant and
detoxifying properties. This amino acid is relatively rare in foodstuffs and
this can lead to glutathione deficiency, even in healthy people. For example,
one study demonstrated that, by feeding a cysteine enriched food product, namely
Immunocal, glutathione values increased by 35.5% in the lymphocytes of normal
young adults. (see reference below)
It is well documented that glutathione sold
as a dietary supplement is mostly destroyed during digestion and therefore is of
little use. Cysteine itself is toxic and suffers the same fate unless chemically
modified. Practitioners use N-acetyl cysteine as a supplement, but it has
certain unpleasant side effects, even in moderate doses. Thus, the best source
for cysteine supplementation is from cysteine-rich foodstuffs. It is normally
present in food as the stable form, cystine (2 molecules of cysteine linked
together). Our bodies digest, absorb, and carry cystine to the cells where they
convert it into cysteine. Since heat or mechanical stress etc., easily split
cystine into cysteine (where digestion destroys it), raw unprocessed foods or
special food supplements high in bioactive cysteine (cystine) provide the best
source of this vital amino acid. Sixty years ago, Florey and Fleming
revolutionized the medical treatment of infection with the discovery of
antibiotics that act against a broad range of bacteria. Glutathione, a "natural
drug", perhaps in the same way could provide a significant contribution towards
defending ourselves against the growing number of diverse biological and
chemical hazards facing our society today.
References:
Lands L.C., Grey V.L., Smountas A.A. Effect of supplementation with a cysteine
donor on muscular performance. J Appl Physiol 87:1381-5, 199
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Immunocal — Where's the Beef?
No beef actually, but you got the right animal – Immunocal comes from cows! In
fact, it takes about 125 gallons of fresh raw milk to make a pound of Immunocal.
What eventually ends up passing your lips is a derivative of whey protein
isolate especially engineered to have the highest amounts of glutathione
precursors possible. Before talking about what glutathione is, and what it does,
let’s look at some of the benefits of taking Immunocal, besides its
clinically-proven ability to raise glutathione.
As many of you are aware, whey protein, especially whey protein isolates
(over 90% protein), supply most of what we need for muscle mass generation. It
is sometimes referred to as the “perfect” protein, because it contains all the
essential amino acids required for your body’s protein synthesis. With a
biological value (BV) of over 110, it would be challenging to find a protein
utilized more efficiently than Immunocal.
Immunocal is also loaded with branched chain amino acids, leucine, isoleucine,
and valine (BCAA’s). During exercise, the body preferentially uses BCAA’s as a
source of energy. Low levels of BCAA’s may lead to increased fatigue, especially
during endurance events. There are more BCAA’s in Immunocal than in soy, egg, or
any other protein you can pick up at the nutrition store. This is especially
important for muscles to rejuvenate after exercise.
Glutathione, however, is what makes Immunocal especially important. Listed in
the Physicians’ Desk Reference (PDR), a book that lists all the prescription
products that can be written in the United States, Immunocal is categorized as a
“glutathione precursor”. Why “precursor”? Because if you eat glutathione, it
gets quickly digested and never makes it into you cells. The only way to raise
your body’s glutathione levels is to eat the precursors or building blocks for
your body to make glutathione on its own.
Dr. Gustavo Bounous, the “great-Grandfather” of natural glutathione precursor
research, started looking at this in the late 1980’s. In his development of
Immunocal, his intention was to effectively optimize immune function in
immunocompromised people, including cancer patients, AIDS patients, and other
severely ill people. By no coincidence, all these diseases are associated with
muscle loss. Since those early days, over 80,000 articles have appeared in the
medical literature. Needless to say, we now know vastly more about the functions
of glutathione.
Look up glutathione in a medical book and you will read about functions such
as protein synthesis and repair, enzyme regulation, and a host of other
complicated actions. However, the majority of all of its functions can be
summarized in the acronym “A.I.D.”: A: Antioxidant, I: Immune Optimizer, and D:
Detoxifier.
Glutathione is referred to as the “master” antioxidant. This is quite a title
to live up to. Glutathione has obtained this status because absolutely none of
the antioxidants you’re now taking could function without the presence of
glutathione. Glutathione recycles and recharges all the antioxidants in your
cells. Given that athletes can use up to 20 times more oxygen while they’re
working out compared to their couch-potato buddies, oxidative stress is a very
real issue in sports medicine.
Glutathione is critical in order to develop a strong immune response. People
with infections are going to burn through their glutathione quickly. The classic
example is in HIV, where Immunocal has been patented to raise glutathione levels
in patients. Translate this immune-enhancing ability to the gym and think of how
many viral infections have upset your training routine. One thing that has
clearly been shown through the years is that those of you who are going to push
too hard in your training will experience a dip in your immune function. Too
many potential gold medalists have fallen short because of this phenomenon.
One hazard that we encounter on a daily basis is our exposure to a toxic
environment. It doesn’t matter how careful you are, there is inevitably going to
be junk in the food we eat, the liquids we drink, and the air that we breathe
that just shouldn’t be in your system. Raising glutathione is a strategy used in
emergency departments to deal with certain overdoses to detoxify patients. What
has emerged from the years of research is that glutathione is also responsible
for the elimination of cigarette smoke, automobile exhaust, heavy metals like
lead and mercury, pesticides, herbicides, and a long list of carcinogens that
unfortunately make it into our cells. The highest levels of glutathione found in
your body are in your liver which is, after all, your major organ of
detoxification.
SHOW ME THE BEEF! An online search of articles on glutathione and exercise
will bring up thousands of well-researched papers on the topic. Everything from
muscle mass development, recovery from injury, decreased oxidative stress, and
acidosis to increased performance. Dr. Larry Lands and his colleagues at McGill
University in Montreal, Canada published a landmark study in sports physiology
and glutathione. Using Immunocal, he was able to demonstrate not only a
substantial rise in glutathione levels in exercising adults, but also a
remarkable increase in strength and endurance of between 10 and 15%!
No wonder so many pros and serious elite athletes are taking advantage of
this science. A healthy way to “beef” up your performance!
LANDS L.C., GREY V.L., SMOUNTAS A.A.
Effect Of Supplementation With A Cysteine Donor On Muscular Performance.
J Appl Physiol. 1999 Oct;87(4) :1381-5.
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